Improvement of Micro porous Calcium Silicate in Modified Plastics by Pioneer Army
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3516
2024-5-1
China's plastic processing industry continues to develop rapidly, with an annual output of 100 million tons of products and per capita consumption ranking among developed countries in the world. In the long history of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and even in the future, plastic materials and products will become indispensable and important companions in our lives. As a new material of modern human technological achievements, plastic will remain youthful forever. The plastic processing industry will also remain eternal as a green sunrise industry.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The modified plastic industry is an important force in the plastic processing industry, playing a pioneering and driving role.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Plastic modification refers to the use of chemical or physical methods, or a combination of chemical and physical methods, to reduce the cost of plastic materials and products, improve their performance in the desired way, or increase their functionality to expand their application areas.
Improvement of Micro porous Calcium Silicate in Modified Plastics by Pioneer Army
¡¡¡¡Filling modification, blending modification, and reinforcement modification are three major methods for plastic modification. Filler modification refers to the effect of reducing the cost of plastic materials and products, improving performance, and increasing functionality by adding non organic polymer powder materials (mainly powders made from non-metallic minerals).
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The filling modification technology has made significant progress, but it also faces some insurmountable problems, the most important of which is the problem of weight gain.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The emergence of microporous calcium silicate brings light and hope to solve the weight gain problem of filling modification technology development bottleneck. Recent studies have shown that moderate amounts of microporous calcium silicate can not only significantly reduce the density of filled plastics, but also highlight their functionality while maintaining good physical and mechanical properties. This is a new phenomenon that has never appeared in the field of plastic modification in decades. Its rational use will bring revolutionary and significant changes to plastic filling modification, and its practical and long-term significance are significant and extraordinary! In the foreseeable future, the manufacturing and application of microporous calcium silicate will take the stage of technological innovation, establish a high ground for new material innovation domestically and internationally, and become a milestone in the technological innovation of artificially synthesized inorganic powder materials.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The use of non-metallic mineral powder materials in the plastic processing industry ¡¡¡¡
¡¡¡¡The annual production of plastic materials and products is 100 million tons; The total amount of non-metallic mineral powder materials used is 12 million tons; Calcium carbonate (including heavy and light calcium) accounts for 70%, or 8.4 million tons; Talcum powder accounts for 20%, which is 2.4 million tons; Other materials such as kaolin, wollastonite powder, brucite powder, magnesium, aluminum hydroxide, etc. account for 10%, or 1.2 million tons.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡With the development of plastic processing industry and the advancement of filling modification technology, the number of non-metallic mineral powder materials used in new plastic materials and products will continue to significantly increase.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The situation of natural microporous powder materials and artificially synthesized microporous calcium silicate powder materials
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Natural microporous powder materials mainly refer to diatomaceous earth and zeolite powder.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Diatomaceous earth is a type of siliceous rock composed of ancient diatom remains. Its microporous diameter is about 20-100nm, the pore wall is about 125nm, and the aggregated powder particles are about a few micrometers to tens of micrometers. Due to the presence of a large number of micropores, their packing density is about 0.3-0.4g/cm3.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Diatomaceous earth is concentrated in Jilin, Zhejiang, Yunnan and other areas in China. After sorting and purification, it is widely used in fields such as filtration, insulation, insulation, and building materials. Its adsorption function is outstanding, capable of adsorbing water 2.5 times its own weight.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The main obstacle to applying diatomaceous earth in plastics is its high hardness, which can cause serious wear and tear to processing machinery and molds. Despite its attractive microporous advantages, all application research has been halted due to severe wear and tear.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Zeolite powder also has a dense microporous structure and is more abundant in resources. Its refinement is relatively convenient, but it has not been practically applied in plastics due to its high hardness.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The appropriate application of natural microporous powder materials in many fields is gratifying, but since they are a gift from nature, there is a risk of depletion. The main raw materials for artificially synthesized calcium silicate microporous materials are silicon-containing compounds and calcium carbonate, which can be inexhaustible on Earth.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Artificially synthesized calcium silicate microporous powder materials also possess the same nanoscale microporous structure as natural microporous materials, almost possessing all the functions of natural microporous powder materials, and some aspects are even better than others. What is particularly valuable is that the hardness of this microporous powder material is similar to that of widely used powder materials such as calcium carbonate and talc, and it will not cause intolerable damage to processing machinery and molds.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The artificially synthesized microporous calcium silicate has a porous structure, and its microstructure photo is shown in Figure 1. The microstructure photos of other powder materials are shown in Figure 2.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The primary particle size of synthesized calcium silicate powder is 1-3 ¦Ì m, and its honeycomb shaped micropores have a size of about 100 ¦Ì m, with a wall thickness of about 5-10 ¦Ì m around the micropores.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Tables 1 and 2 respectively show the technical performance of synthesized calcium silicate micro powder and various other powders. It can be seen that calcium silicate powder is incomparable to ordinary powder materials in terms of bulk density, specific surface area, and oil absorption value, and is similar to the expensive white carbon black.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The functionality and application of synthesized microporous calcium silicate powder materials in plastics. Due to the high manufacturing cost, synthesized microporous calcium silicate powder materials cannot be cheaper than commonly used powder materials in plastic processing such as large amounts of calcium carbonate and talc powder. Moreover, due to the strong water absorption caused by porosity and the large specific surface area, processing flowability and dispersibility are poor. It is quite difficult to directly add them to plastics for use. The focus of research work should be on fully utilizing the functionality of its microporous materials and the rationality of its addition process, so as to produce high value-added functional plastic materials that other powder materials cannot achieve under the premise of acceptable operating costs.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Fully utilize the characteristic of low stacking density to reduce the density of filling plastics and solve the problem of "weight gain"
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡When the same amount is added, the density of polyethylene plastic filled with microporous calcium silicate powder is the smallest, and the density increases the slowest with the increase of the addition amount, as shown in Figure 3. The properties of polyethylene plastic sheets (thickness: 2.0mm) filled with two types of powders are shown in Table 3.
¡¡¡¡According to Table 3, when the amount of masterbatch added is 40%, the filling effect of microporous calcium silicate is not only better than that of heavy calcium carbonate, but also its density is 12.5% lower.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The structural characteristics of using its high adsorption capacity to prepare plastic microporous calcium silicate with slow-release function determine its high adsorption capacity. By utilizing this feature, it can be used as a carrier for various additives. After being added to plastics, the release time of the additives can be extended, thereby prolonging the functionality of the plastic material.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡For example, in functional agricultural films, the use of dripping agent masterbatch and the use of microporous calcium carbonate as a carrier to make dripping agent masterbatch, added to polyethylene plastic to make non dripping functional agricultural films, has a dripping failure time more than 100 times that of pure resin made agricultural films, which is also extended by nearly 80% compared to the use of talc powder, as shown in Table 4.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Adding talcum powder to agricultural film can also block infrared radiation and improve the insulation of the film. The research results indicate that microporous calcium silicate powder can not only prolong the time of dripping agent consumption, but also has better infrared blocking function than talc powder.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Using its high adsorption capacity to produce deodorizing masterbatch will completely solve the problem of odor in the production site
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Using its high adsorption capacity to produce deodorizing masterbatch will completely solve the problem of odor in the production site, and it can maintain a odor free state throughout the use of plastic materials and products.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Figure 4 shows the adsorption of formaldehyde by polyethylene plastic with added microporous calcium silicate powder, while the adsorption of formaldehyde by polyethylene plastic filled with heavy calcium carbonate is zero.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡At the processing site of compatibilizer masterbatch and drip masterbatch used in plastics, the odor of the additives is suffocating due to their heat evaporation. Research experiments have shown that the addition of a small amount of calcium silicate powder can significantly eliminate on-site odors, protect the health of operators, and achieve green production.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The scale of recycling and utilization of waste plastics in China has reached 30 million tons per year, but the odor emitted at the processing site is unbearable. After adding a small amount of microporous calcium silicate, the on-site odor disappeared.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Many parts of cars, household appliances, and even many decorative materials are made of plastic materials, and people are concerned that formaldehyde or other harmful substances may evaporate during use. If an appropriate amount of microporous calcium silicate is added when making these plastic materials, volatile substances can be trapped in the microporous cage, and you can have peace of mind.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Requirements for the use of microporous calcium silicate in plastics
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡1) The particle size of the powder that can be dispersed into the matrix plastic should be below 20 ¦Ì m (over 800 mesh), and should not be too coarse, but also not too fine;
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡2) The moisture content is less than 5%. Due to the cost involved in drying, the requirement for its moisture content should be moderate, and efforts should be made to compensate for it in terms of usage technology;
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡3) Other powders with non microporous structures (less than 1% of impurities should be removed during the preparation process);
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡4) When the pH value is around 8, try to separate the alkali as thoroughly as possible;
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡5) The whiteness should be as high as possible, at least greater than 90 degrees;
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡6) The pore volume and pore size of micropores should be maintained to the maximum extent, and can be classified according to different uses.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡In terms of price, as a functional powder material, it cannot be compared with ordinary powder materials, but a high price will affect the enthusiasm for use. For microporous calcium silicate powder materials with a drying degree that meets the usage requirements, it is best to have a selling price of less than 2000 yuan/ton.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Drawing on the experience of using diatomaceous earth and expanding the application field of microporous calcium silicate, as a microporous material, diatomaceous earth has a long history of application and mature application technology. It is worth learning from it.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Outlook
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The application research of microporous calcium silicate in plastics is currently underway and has achieved many encouraging results. It is foreseeable that there will be a market demand of hundreds of thousands of tons within a few years, and its reasonable use will have significant economic and social benefits.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Artificial synthesis of microporous calcium silicate is an innovation in the field of plastic additives and will also bring about changes in the academic and technological aspects of modified plastics. The Party and the government have proposed an innovation driven development strategy, emphasizing that technological innovation is a strategic support for improving social productivity and comprehensive national strength, and must be placed at the core of the overall national development.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The work we are engaged in is a practical action driven by innovation, improving quality and efficiency. Although there are still some difficulties, we must have firm confidence and persevere, and we will definitely usher in the glory of the processing, manufacturing, and application of microporous calcium silicate. With original and independent intellectual property rights, we will lead the way to the highest point in the field of modified plastics and create a miracle.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The modified plastic industry is an important force in the plastic processing industry, playing a pioneering and driving role.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Plastic modification refers to the use of chemical or physical methods, or a combination of chemical and physical methods, to reduce the cost of plastic materials and products, improve their performance in the desired way, or increase their functionality to expand their application areas.
Improvement of Micro porous Calcium Silicate in Modified Plastics by Pioneer Army
¡¡¡¡Filling modification, blending modification, and reinforcement modification are three major methods for plastic modification. Filler modification refers to the effect of reducing the cost of plastic materials and products, improving performance, and increasing functionality by adding non organic polymer powder materials (mainly powders made from non-metallic minerals).
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The filling modification technology has made significant progress, but it also faces some insurmountable problems, the most important of which is the problem of weight gain.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The emergence of microporous calcium silicate brings light and hope to solve the weight gain problem of filling modification technology development bottleneck. Recent studies have shown that moderate amounts of microporous calcium silicate can not only significantly reduce the density of filled plastics, but also highlight their functionality while maintaining good physical and mechanical properties. This is a new phenomenon that has never appeared in the field of plastic modification in decades. Its rational use will bring revolutionary and significant changes to plastic filling modification, and its practical and long-term significance are significant and extraordinary! In the foreseeable future, the manufacturing and application of microporous calcium silicate will take the stage of technological innovation, establish a high ground for new material innovation domestically and internationally, and become a milestone in the technological innovation of artificially synthesized inorganic powder materials.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The use of non-metallic mineral powder materials in the plastic processing industry ¡¡¡¡
¡¡¡¡The annual production of plastic materials and products is 100 million tons; The total amount of non-metallic mineral powder materials used is 12 million tons; Calcium carbonate (including heavy and light calcium) accounts for 70%, or 8.4 million tons; Talcum powder accounts for 20%, which is 2.4 million tons; Other materials such as kaolin, wollastonite powder, brucite powder, magnesium, aluminum hydroxide, etc. account for 10%, or 1.2 million tons.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡With the development of plastic processing industry and the advancement of filling modification technology, the number of non-metallic mineral powder materials used in new plastic materials and products will continue to significantly increase.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The situation of natural microporous powder materials and artificially synthesized microporous calcium silicate powder materials
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Natural microporous powder materials mainly refer to diatomaceous earth and zeolite powder.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Diatomaceous earth is a type of siliceous rock composed of ancient diatom remains. Its microporous diameter is about 20-100nm, the pore wall is about 125nm, and the aggregated powder particles are about a few micrometers to tens of micrometers. Due to the presence of a large number of micropores, their packing density is about 0.3-0.4g/cm3.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Diatomaceous earth is concentrated in Jilin, Zhejiang, Yunnan and other areas in China. After sorting and purification, it is widely used in fields such as filtration, insulation, insulation, and building materials. Its adsorption function is outstanding, capable of adsorbing water 2.5 times its own weight.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The main obstacle to applying diatomaceous earth in plastics is its high hardness, which can cause serious wear and tear to processing machinery and molds. Despite its attractive microporous advantages, all application research has been halted due to severe wear and tear.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Zeolite powder also has a dense microporous structure and is more abundant in resources. Its refinement is relatively convenient, but it has not been practically applied in plastics due to its high hardness.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The appropriate application of natural microporous powder materials in many fields is gratifying, but since they are a gift from nature, there is a risk of depletion. The main raw materials for artificially synthesized calcium silicate microporous materials are silicon-containing compounds and calcium carbonate, which can be inexhaustible on Earth.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Artificially synthesized calcium silicate microporous powder materials also possess the same nanoscale microporous structure as natural microporous materials, almost possessing all the functions of natural microporous powder materials, and some aspects are even better than others. What is particularly valuable is that the hardness of this microporous powder material is similar to that of widely used powder materials such as calcium carbonate and talc, and it will not cause intolerable damage to processing machinery and molds.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The artificially synthesized microporous calcium silicate has a porous structure, and its microstructure photo is shown in Figure 1. The microstructure photos of other powder materials are shown in Figure 2.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The primary particle size of synthesized calcium silicate powder is 1-3 ¦Ì m, and its honeycomb shaped micropores have a size of about 100 ¦Ì m, with a wall thickness of about 5-10 ¦Ì m around the micropores.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Tables 1 and 2 respectively show the technical performance of synthesized calcium silicate micro powder and various other powders. It can be seen that calcium silicate powder is incomparable to ordinary powder materials in terms of bulk density, specific surface area, and oil absorption value, and is similar to the expensive white carbon black.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The functionality and application of synthesized microporous calcium silicate powder materials in plastics. Due to the high manufacturing cost, synthesized microporous calcium silicate powder materials cannot be cheaper than commonly used powder materials in plastic processing such as large amounts of calcium carbonate and talc powder. Moreover, due to the strong water absorption caused by porosity and the large specific surface area, processing flowability and dispersibility are poor. It is quite difficult to directly add them to plastics for use. The focus of research work should be on fully utilizing the functionality of its microporous materials and the rationality of its addition process, so as to produce high value-added functional plastic materials that other powder materials cannot achieve under the premise of acceptable operating costs.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Fully utilize the characteristic of low stacking density to reduce the density of filling plastics and solve the problem of "weight gain"
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡When the same amount is added, the density of polyethylene plastic filled with microporous calcium silicate powder is the smallest, and the density increases the slowest with the increase of the addition amount, as shown in Figure 3. The properties of polyethylene plastic sheets (thickness: 2.0mm) filled with two types of powders are shown in Table 3.
¡¡¡¡According to Table 3, when the amount of masterbatch added is 40%, the filling effect of microporous calcium silicate is not only better than that of heavy calcium carbonate, but also its density is 12.5% lower.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The structural characteristics of using its high adsorption capacity to prepare plastic microporous calcium silicate with slow-release function determine its high adsorption capacity. By utilizing this feature, it can be used as a carrier for various additives. After being added to plastics, the release time of the additives can be extended, thereby prolonging the functionality of the plastic material.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡For example, in functional agricultural films, the use of dripping agent masterbatch and the use of microporous calcium carbonate as a carrier to make dripping agent masterbatch, added to polyethylene plastic to make non dripping functional agricultural films, has a dripping failure time more than 100 times that of pure resin made agricultural films, which is also extended by nearly 80% compared to the use of talc powder, as shown in Table 4.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Adding talcum powder to agricultural film can also block infrared radiation and improve the insulation of the film. The research results indicate that microporous calcium silicate powder can not only prolong the time of dripping agent consumption, but also has better infrared blocking function than talc powder.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Using its high adsorption capacity to produce deodorizing masterbatch will completely solve the problem of odor in the production site
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Using its high adsorption capacity to produce deodorizing masterbatch will completely solve the problem of odor in the production site, and it can maintain a odor free state throughout the use of plastic materials and products.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Figure 4 shows the adsorption of formaldehyde by polyethylene plastic with added microporous calcium silicate powder, while the adsorption of formaldehyde by polyethylene plastic filled with heavy calcium carbonate is zero.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡At the processing site of compatibilizer masterbatch and drip masterbatch used in plastics, the odor of the additives is suffocating due to their heat evaporation. Research experiments have shown that the addition of a small amount of calcium silicate powder can significantly eliminate on-site odors, protect the health of operators, and achieve green production.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The scale of recycling and utilization of waste plastics in China has reached 30 million tons per year, but the odor emitted at the processing site is unbearable. After adding a small amount of microporous calcium silicate, the on-site odor disappeared.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Many parts of cars, household appliances, and even many decorative materials are made of plastic materials, and people are concerned that formaldehyde or other harmful substances may evaporate during use. If an appropriate amount of microporous calcium silicate is added when making these plastic materials, volatile substances can be trapped in the microporous cage, and you can have peace of mind.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Requirements for the use of microporous calcium silicate in plastics
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡1) The particle size of the powder that can be dispersed into the matrix plastic should be below 20 ¦Ì m (over 800 mesh), and should not be too coarse, but also not too fine;
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡2) The moisture content is less than 5%. Due to the cost involved in drying, the requirement for its moisture content should be moderate, and efforts should be made to compensate for it in terms of usage technology;
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡3) Other powders with non microporous structures (less than 1% of impurities should be removed during the preparation process);
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡4) When the pH value is around 8, try to separate the alkali as thoroughly as possible;
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡5) The whiteness should be as high as possible, at least greater than 90 degrees;
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡6) The pore volume and pore size of micropores should be maintained to the maximum extent, and can be classified according to different uses.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡In terms of price, as a functional powder material, it cannot be compared with ordinary powder materials, but a high price will affect the enthusiasm for use. For microporous calcium silicate powder materials with a drying degree that meets the usage requirements, it is best to have a selling price of less than 2000 yuan/ton.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Drawing on the experience of using diatomaceous earth and expanding the application field of microporous calcium silicate, as a microporous material, diatomaceous earth has a long history of application and mature application technology. It is worth learning from it.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Outlook
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The application research of microporous calcium silicate in plastics is currently underway and has achieved many encouraging results. It is foreseeable that there will be a market demand of hundreds of thousands of tons within a few years, and its reasonable use will have significant economic and social benefits.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡Artificial synthesis of microporous calcium silicate is an innovation in the field of plastic additives and will also bring about changes in the academic and technological aspects of modified plastics. The Party and the government have proposed an innovation driven development strategy, emphasizing that technological innovation is a strategic support for improving social productivity and comprehensive national strength, and must be placed at the core of the overall national development.
¡¡¡¡ ¡¡¡¡The work we are engaged in is a practical action driven by innovation, improving quality and efficiency. Although there are still some difficulties, we must have firm confidence and persevere, and we will definitely usher in the glory of the processing, manufacturing, and application of microporous calcium silicate. With original and independent intellectual property rights, we will lead the way to the highest point in the field of modified plastics and create a miracle.
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